The American jets flew alongside the Russian bombers for 12 minutes, Fox News reported, before the Russian bombers reversed course and headed back to their base in eastern Russia.
The two Russian Tu-95 "Bear" bombers were flying roughly 450km southwest of Elmendorf Air Force Base, within the Air Defence Identification Zone of the United States.
And the provocative move comes amid a time of high tension between the US and Russia, following the gassing of a Syrian town by Russian-backed Bashar al-Assad, and the US in retaliation bombing a Syrian airfield.
Rex Tillerson, the Secretary of State, visited Moscow last week, noting that relations were at a "low point" - while sitting next to Sergei Lavrov, his Russian counterpart.
While Tillerson was in Moscow, three Russian bombers flew near the east coast of America's ally Japan, forcing the Japanese military to scramble 14 fighter jets at various times to intercept the bombers. A Russian spy plane also flew along Japan's west coast.