The accused admitted to firing the weapon but said it was an accident.
He was homeless at the time of the shooting and had multiple felony convictions on his record as well as five prior deportations to Mexico.
Donald Trump used Steinle's killing and Garcia Zarate's trial in his campaign for president, while calling for tougher immigration laws.
In a campaign speech, Trump mentioned Steinle's name and described her as having been "gunned down in the sanctuary city of San Francisco, by an illegal immigrant, deported five previous times".
"And they knew he was no good," he added.
The sentencing date has not been set.