Yanukovych's government says Ukraine cannot afford to sacrifice trade with Russia for closer ties to the EU. As Kiev intensified talks with Brussels in recent months, Russia imposed punishing trade sanctions.
Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov has blamed the turnaround on the EU's refusal to provide financial aid to help Ukraine's struggling economy.
Former Polish President Aleksander Kwasniewski, an EU envoy who has pushed Yanukovych to free Tymoshenko, lamented that the West has nothing to offer Ukraine to help it overcome the "economic blockade" that Russia initiated in the summer.
"This is lacking, but this is crucial because Ukraine's economy is in extremely poor condition, the budget is close to bankruptcy and whoever can help today rather than after a few years is the stronger partner," Kwasniewski said on state Polish Radio 1.
Top Ukrainian opposition figures, including boxer turned politician Vitali Klitschko, have also traveled to Vilinius to attend the EU summit.
The Kiev protesters had been split between two central squares, but on Wednesday afternoon those on Europe Square took down their tents and moved to Independence Square, the center of the 2004 Orange Revolution.
Tymoshenko was the heroine of the peaceful Orange Revolution, which overturned Yanukovych's victory in a rigged presidential election. She narrowly lost to Yanukovych in the 2010 presidential election, and the next year was sent to prison in a case the West has condemned as political. Yanukovych comes up for re-election in early 2015.
"Sooner or later, she (Tymoshenko) will walk free," said political analyst Viktor Zamyatin of the Razumkov Center. "But understanding the danger she poses to him, Yanukovych is doing everything he can to drag this out as long as possible."
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Associated Press writer Monika Scislowska in Warsaw, Poland, contributed to this report.