Russian President Vladimir Putin listens to French President Emmanuel Macron. Photo / AP
Russian President Vladimir Putin listens to French President Emmanuel Macron. Photo / AP
International efforts to defuse the standoff over Ukraine intensified Monday, with French President Emmanuel Macron holding talks in Moscow and German Chancellor Olaf Scholz in Washington to co-ordinate policies as fears of a Russian invasion mounted.
The build-up of over 100,000 Russian troops near Ukraine has fueled Western worries of a possible offensive. White House national security adviser Jake Sullivan warned Sunday that Russia could invade Ukraine "any day," triggering a conflict that would come at an "enormous human cost."
French President Emmanuel Macron listens to Russian President Vladimir Putin. Photo / AP
Russia has denied any plans to attack its neighbour but demands that the US and its allies bar Ukraine and other former Soviet nations from joining NATO, halt weapons deployments there and roll back NATO forces from Eastern Europe. Washington and NATO reject those demands.
Speaking at the start of his meeting with Scholz, US President Joe Biden said that the US and Germany were "working in lockstep to further deter Russian aggression in Europe."
Scholz added: "We are closest allies and we are working intensely together, and this is necessary for doing the steps that we have to do, for instance, fighting against Russian aggression against Ukraine."
Moscow has deployed troops and weapons to Belarus, adding to a buildup of Russian forces near Ukraine that fueled fears of an invasion. Photo / AP
Macron, meanwhile, called for de-escalation as he began talks with President Vladimir Putin in the Kremlin. "Dialogue is necessary because that's the only thing that will help, in my views, to build a context of a security and stability on the European continent," Macron said, adding that he's ready to "start building an effective response."
Putin, in turn, praised France's role in shaping European security, saying he appreciates Macron's efforts to help ensure "an equal security in Europe" and broker a settlement to the Ukrainian crisis. "I realize that we share concern about what's going on in Europe in the security sphere," the Russian leader said as he faced Macron across a long table.
Macron, who heads Tuesday to Ukraine, spoke by phone Sunday with Biden. Before the Putin meeting, Macron said: "I don't believe in spontaneous miracles."
"The security and sovereignty of Ukraine or any other European state cannot be a subject for compromise, while it is also legitimate for Russia to pose the question of its own security," Macron told the French newspaper Journal du Dimanche, adding he believes "the geopolitical objective of Russia today is clearly not Ukraine, but to clarify the rules of cohabitation with NATO and the EU."
Anna Pylypivna, one of the few residents who did not abandon their homes in the frontline village of Novooleksandrivka. Photo / AP
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov sought to temper expectations, saying "the situation is too complex to expect a decisive breakthrough after just one meeting," and noting the West has ignored Moscow's security demands.
Before meeting Biden, Scholz told German media that "there will be a very high price if Ukraine is attacked militarily. And we are preparing for this very precisely and have been talking about the details for a long time." Scholz will travel to Kyiv and Moscow February 14-15.
German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock said in Kyiv that her country is prepared to pay a "high economic price" by slapping tough sanctions on Russia if it invades Ukraine.
Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, listens to French President Emmanuel Macron during their meeting in the Kremlin in Moscow. Photo / AP
Ahead of the visit, the White House sought to play down Germany's refusal to supply lethal weapons to Ukraine, bolster its troops in Eastern Europe or spell out which sanctions it would support against Russia — a cautious stand that has drawn criticism abroad and inside Germany.
White House press secretary Jen Psaki on Monday again pushed back against criticism of Germany that it's not doing enough to support Ukraine.
"The president has also noted … that different countries make different contributions," Psaki said, noting Germany's significant nonmilitary aid to Ukraine.
Psaki also reiterated that the Nord Stream 2 Russian gas pipeline to Germany "will not move forward" should Russia further invade Ukraine. But she sidestepped questions about whether the Germans have given the White House assurances that it would shut off the pipeline that has been completed and is currently awaiting certification by German and EU regulators.
President Joe Biden gestures during a meeting with German Chancellor Olaf Scholz in the Oval Office. Photo / AP
Separately German Defense Minister Christine Lambrecht said will add up to 350 troops within a few days to about 500 already a part of a NATO battlegroup in Lithuania. "With this, we are strengthening our contribution to forces on NATO's eastern flank and sending a very clear signal of unity to our allies," she said.
Biden already has deployed additional US troops to Poland, Romania and Germany, and a few dozen elite US troops and equipment landed on Sunday in southeastern Poland near the border with Ukraine, with hundreds more infantry troops of the 82nd Airborne Division set to arrive.
Britain said it was sending 350 troops to Poland to bolster NATO forces, joining 100 Royal Engineers already there.
At a news conference in Washington, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken and EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said the US and Europe defended the increasingly dire Western warnings that a Russian invasion may be imminent.
"This is not alarmism. This is simply the facts," Blinken said. "And the facts are that we've seen over the last few months a massive amassing of Russian forces on Ukraine's borders."
Borrell noted that "140,000 troops massed on the border is not to go to have tea."
NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said the alliance is weighing a more permanent military presence in southeast Europe in response to Russia's "massive military deployment" near Ukraine.
"We are considering more longer-term adjustments to our posture, our presence in the eastern part of the alliance," Stoltenberg said after talks in Brussels with Polish President Andrzej Duda. "If Russia really wants less NATO close to the borders, they get the opposite."
Stoltenberg gave no details and said no final decision has been made, but the move could mirror NATO's long-term military presence in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland, where about 5000 troops are stationed. It would see a similar force based in Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Slovakia.
That would mean NATO troops stationed long-term near Ukraine's western border and in the Black Sea area. The aim would be only to bolster the defences of NATO allies in the region and the troops would not cross into Ukraine should Russia invade.
In 2015, France and Germany helped broker a peace deal for eastern Ukraine in a bid to end the conflict between Ukrainian forces and Russia-backed separatists that erupted the previous year following the Russian annexation of Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula.
The agreement signed in the Belarusian capital of Minsk helped stop large-scale fighting, but efforts at a political settlement have stalled and frequent skirmishes have continued along the tense line of contact in Ukraine's industrial heartland known as the Donbas.
Russia has urged France, Germany and other Western allies to encourage Ukraine to fulfill its obligations under the 2015 agreement, which envisaged a broad autonomy for the Donbas region and a sweeping amnesty for the separatists. The agreement stipulated that only after those conditions are met would Ukraine be able to restore control of its border with Russia in rebel regions.
The Minsk deal was seen by many Ukrainians as a betrayal of national interests, and its implementation has stalled. Ukrainian authorities have warned the West against pressuring Ukraine to implement the agreement.
Ukraine's Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba said the country has received more than 1000 metric tons of weapons and military supplies from its allies, noting that a series of visits by Western officials has helped deter Russia.
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Associated Press writers Matthew Lee in Washington, Lorne Cook in Brussels, Yuras Karmanau in Kyiv, Ukraine, Geir Moulson and Frank Jordans in Berlin and Jill Lawless in London contributed.
