Earth is 15 years from a "mini ice age" that will cause bitterly cold winters during which rivers freeze over, scientists have predicted.
Solar researchers at the University of Northumbria have created a new model of the sun's activity which they claim produces "unprecedentedly accurate predictions".
They said fluid movements within the sun, thought to create 11-year cycles in the weather, will converge in such a way that temperatures will fall dramatically in the 2030s.
Solar activity will fall by 60 per cent as two waves of fluid "effectively cancel each other out", according to Professor Valentina Zharkova.
In a presentation to the National Astronomy Meeting in Wales, she said the result would be similar to freezing conditions of the late 17th century. "[In the cycle between 2030 and 2040] the two waves exactly mirror each other - peaking at the same time but in opposite hemispheres of the sun," she said.