South Africa has bowed to Chinese pressure and declined to grant the Dalai Lama a visa, forcing him to cancel his attendance at a gathering of Nobel laureates in Cape Town.
This was the third time since 2009 that South Africa has denied a visa to the spiritual leader of the Tibetan people.
China considers the Dalai Lama to be a violent subversive, plotting to break up the country.
Any country which allows him a visa does so over China's furious objections.
Under President Jacob Zuma's leadership, South Africa has become a close ally of Beijing and critics believe China possesses a de facto veto over aspects of South African policy.