The U.S. Embassy had no comment on the video.
U.S. Ambassador Michael McFaul was summoned Wednesday to the Russian Foreign Ministry, which said it handed him a formal protest over the incident. McFaul spent about a half hour at the ministry and left without speaking to journalists.
McFaul has had a difficult time in Moscow since he took up his post in January 2012. He provoked the ire of Russian officials when one of his first acts was to invite a group of opposition activists and rights advocates to the U.S. embassy.
Fogle, 29, appeared to be the first American diplomat in Moscow publicly accused of spying in about a decade.
Mark Galeotti, a professor at New York University who studies the Russian security services, said these kinds of spying incidents happen with some frequency, but usually they are dealt with quietly. He said the public exposure of Fogle suggests Russia is using it for domestic political purposes.
Russian President Vladimir Putin, who has accused the United States of meddling in Russia's political affairs, has portrayed opposition leaders as American stooges and ordered a crackdown on Russian nongovernmental organizations that receive foreign funding.
The U.S. spy scandal and the pictures of Fogle's detention, which have been splashed across state television, reinforce the message that the U.S. remains a threat.
The State Department confirmed that Fogle worked as an embassy employee but would give no details about his job. The CIA declined comment.
The Russian Foreign Ministry has ordered Fogle to leave Russia immediately but his exact whereabouts were not known Wednesday.
Despite the end of the Cold War, Russia and the United States still maintain active espionage operations against each other. Last year, several Russians were convicted in separate cases of spying for the U.S. and sentenced to lengthy prison sentences.
- AP