Malcolm Turnbull has more than doubled the number of women around his cabinet table, including appointing the country's first female defence minister.
Senator Marise Payne takes the position from Kevin Andrews, who said he was disappointed the new prime minister didn't want to work with him.
New mother Kelly O'Dwyer has been promoted to cabinet, Mr Turnbull revealed at a media conference in Canberra.
She becomes the government's assistant treasurer, as well as picking up the small business portfolio from Bruce Billson.
Her colleague Michaelia Cash is being elevated to employment minister, vacated by Eric Abetz.