Last major Colombian warlord gives up the gun

Influential Colombian paramilitary leader Fredy Rendon. Picture / Reuters

BOGOTA, Colombia - Colombia's last major paramilitary chief, who spent a decade fighting leftist rebels in the jungle, has demobilized his men and handed over his weapons as part of a peace deal with the government.

More than 31,000 paramilitaries have disarmed in exchange for benefits including reduced prison terms for crimes such as torture and massacres as President Alvaro Uribe leads a security crackdown to end Colombia's four-decade conflict.

In a ceremony in the sweltering Choco region, Fredy "The German" Rendon, leader of the Elmer Cardenas bloc, demobilised his fighters to mark the formal end of militias created in the 1980s by landowners seeking protection from rebel attacks.

Colombia's High Commission for Peace said in a statement 745 fighters were disbanded in Tuesday's ceremony. But officials acknowledge some formerly demobilised fighters have abandoned the programme to create criminal gangs.

"I don't regret the war because circumstances brought us here," Rendon said in an interview. "I do regret and feel sorrow for the families of so many who through our actions were left without brothers, fathers, friends."

Accused of the conflict's worst atrocities, paramilitary leaders negotiated with Uribe in 2003 to allow them to serve a maximum eight years in prison in return for handing in arms, confessing to crimes and to compensating victims. Some had faced sentences of up to 40 years.

Violence and kidnappings have dropped under Uribe as the Washington ally vowed to crush the guerrillas. But rebels still control parts of rural Colombia, often seeking to protect the huge cocaine trade they use to help fund their operations.

Authorities and experts say hundreds of paramilitaries have also regrouped and recruited new members in parts of the country to traffic drugs, smuggle and extort.

"By no means is this the end of paramilitarism in Colombia. We are seeing what is called a third generation of paramilitaries," said German Espejo at Bogota's Seguridad and Democracia thinktank.

"We are at too early a stage to characterize them. They seem to be less political and more criminal," he said.

Washington, which has given Colombia billions of dollars to help it fight the world's biggest cocaine trade, is watching the demobilisation closely and says future aid depends on the government cracking down on human rights abuses.

Rights groups slam Uribe for being too lenient on the "paras" and say he has ignored militia drug networks. Critics say he must also do more to provide jobs and training for former fighters to keep them from turning to crime gangs.

In what paramilitary representatives called a blow to the peace process, Colombia's Constitutional Court three months ago also ruled top militia leaders who were sentenced before the peace initiative began in 2003 could serve full jail terms.

Uribe on Monday warned the chiefs to stick to their peace deal or face extradition to the United States. Militia representatives responded by demanding more legal guarantees.

"They will threaten and put pressure on the government, but in the end they will stay in the process and the government will offer them acceptable conditions," analyst Espejo said.

- REUTERS