Abdu will be tried in a military court, starting on July 8. If found guilty, he could face a maximum of life in prison. But military sources said his youth could be a mitigating factor.
Abdu was arrested the day after Israel's assassination of Hamas founder Sheikh Ahmed Yassin. Palestinian factions have vowed to avenge his killing and that of his successor, Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi, Saturday.
There was a surge of anger among Palestinians that militants would send someone so young to carry out an attack. "I'm angry at those who recruited him and angry at Israel because its measures lead to all this," said Abdu's father Bilal.
Suicide bombers have killed hundreds of Israelis during the 3-1/2-year-old Palestinian uprising against Israel.