The role played by the family in the devastating attacks that killed 359 people was one of several new details about the plot that emerged today, as Sri Lanka continued to bury its dead and investigators raced to understand whether the perpetrators had help from abroad.
The group that unleashed attacks on Sri Lanka included nine suicide bombers who detonated explosives in churches, hotels and inside the home belonging to the family, authorities said.
The leader was a man named Zaharn Hashim, who is believed to be in his 40s and expounded extremist views in online sermons. Authorities said the group's leader carried out a suicide attack on Colombo's Shangri-La Hotel.
The bombers were a radical splinter group that broke off from a local Islamist militant outfit called National Thowreek Jamaath, Ruwan Wijewardene, Sri Lanka's junior defence minister, told reporters. Some of them had previous run-ins with the law for minor offenses, he said.
The group included "quite well-educated people" from comfortable backgrounds, Wijewardene said. One perpetrator studied in Britain and pursued a master's degree in Australia, he said.
Authorities said they had identified eight of the nine bombers but declined to provide further details while the investigation was ongoing.
The nation's Parliament passed regulations giving emergency powers to the police and military to detain suspects, and for the fourth day in a row, authorities imposed a nationwide nighttime curfew.
In response to a growing furore about the government's failure to act on earlier intelligence that warned of potential attacks, President Maithripala Sirisena ordered two top national security officials to resign. Pujith Jayasundara, the country's police chief, and Hemasiri Fernando, the top civil servant at the Defence Ministry, stepped down.
In Dematagoda, a quiet, prosperous neighbourhood lined with spacious homes, sits the three-storey residence belonging to a businessman known professionally as Y.M. Ibrahim and whom police refer to simply as Ibrahim. The house where he lives with his extended family takes up much of a block and was cordoned off with police tape. Its facade is painted white and dotted with nine metal balconies.
Neighbours spoke fondly of Ibrahim, whom they described as a man from a modest background who rose to become a wealthy exporter of spices such as pepper and cinnamon. Ibrahim was one of at least 60 people arrested in the wake of the attacks, police spokesman Ruwan Gunasekara said.
Piyal Siriwardena, 84, said Ibrahim would invite neighbours to an annual luncheon he held for hundreds of people in Colombo's Pettah neighbourhood. Politicians would attend, and Ibrahim once made a bid to join politics under the banner of a Marxist-leaning party.
"He was a good, generous man," said Siriwardena. "I'm shocked."
Neighbours said the family largely kept to itself. They said the women of the house were rarely, if ever, seen outside, while none had extended interactions with the sons. Several mentioned that the sons made a gesture during prayers they found unusual. The gesture is associated with Salafism, a fundamentalist brand of Islam.
Ibrahim, meanwhile, was a friendly man who talked with everyone at the small community center that serves as the local mosque. The violence allegedly wrought by the family of their neighbour stunned longtime residents like Hussain Milhar, 53. "How could Ibrahim have children like this?" he asked.
Isis (Islamic State) claimed responsibility for Sunday's attacks, but Sri Lankan authorities said its role remains unclear. Wijewardene, the junior defense minister, said there was a connection to Isis "through ideology and maybe funding," but the latter is still under investigation.
In comments to reporters, the US ambassador to Sri Lanka agreed that some degree of foreign assistance was likely. "If you look at the scale of the attacks, the level of coordination, the sophistication of them, it's not implausible to think there are foreign linkages," said Alaina Teplitz.
Wijewardene said that investigators were exploring whether the bombers had travelled to neighbouring countries such as India or Maldives, where they may have been trained or radicalised.
He added that Sri Lanka's intelligence agencies had assessed that revenge for last month's attacks on mosques in Christchurch was a factor. "What happened in New Zealand motivated these people to carry it out on Easter Sunday," Wijewardene said. But he declined to provide further details on how that assessment was reached.
Questions persisted about the failure by Sri Lankan authorities to stop the plot. A top police official had warned in an April 11 intelligence report that a radical group could be plotting suicide attacks on popular churches in Sri Lanka. The report named Thowfeek Jamaath and Hashim.
Hilmy Ahamed, vice-president of the Sri Lanka Muslim Council, said that his organisation had alerted intelligence officials three times that Hashim was stoking religious tensions and inciting hatred in online sermons, most recently in February of this year.
Police also revealed how efforts by pastors at Zion Church in the coastal city of Batticaloa probably saved lives. The bomber's original target was St Mary's Cathedral, but he left when he realised mass was over, according to the senior police superintendent of Batticaloa, Nuwan Mendi.
Instead the bomber, carrying a backpack and another bag, headed for the nearby Zion Church. He attempted to enter the sanctuary where some 500 people were gathered, but pastors were suspicious and stopped him. He detonated his explosives in the courtyard, killing at least 28 people, including children who had gathered to eat breakfast.
