Repeat wolf-whistlers face on-the-spot fines of up to €750 ($1290) under a law against sexual harassment passed in France this week, amid outrage over film of a woman being punched in Paris.
MPs approved the law on its second reading on Thursday, days after security film footage showing a man punching Marie Laguerre, a Parisian student, went viral online.
However, feminist groups, and some police unions, criticised the new bill against "sexist outrage" as a "huge disappointment" that would see more serious offences go unpunished and said that it was inapplicable in practice.
The new law creates fines of between €90 and €750 for gender-based harassment on streets and public transportation, starting next month.
"Harassment in the street has previously not been punished. From now on, it will be," Marlene Schiappa, Gender Equality Minister and architect of the new legislation, told Europe 1 radio.