Dozens of flights have been cancelled in Britain and many others delayed after a computer failure at the headquarters of air traffic control company Nats.
For a time there were no flights able to take off or land at some UK airports and although Nats were able to resolve the problem by around 4pm local time on Friday, delays and cancellations were expected to drag on into the evening.
Transport Secretary Patrick McLoughlin said the disruption was unacceptable.
"Any disruption to our aviation system is a matter of the utmost concern, especially at this time of year in the run-up to the holiday season.
"Disruption on this scale is simply unacceptable and I have asked Nats for a full explanation of this evening's incident. I also want to know what steps will be taken to prevent this happening again."