The Sunni militant group Jundullah claimed responsibility for the church attack, saying it targeted Christians to avenge the deaths of Muslims killed by US drone strikes.
After the latest attack, one man at the hospital said 13 members of a single family were among the dead. Mohammad Alam said they had come to Peshawar from a nearby village to invite him to their son's wedding. He said they were in a van when the bomb exploded.
A bookshop owner, Nazar Ali, had just opened his shop when the bomb went off.
"It was a huge blast that was followed by fire in vehicles. Thick black smoke covered the air and splinters spread all over. I saw people lying dead and bleeding all over," he said.
Many of the old buildings in the historic Qissa Khawani market are wood, which easily caught fire, said senior police officer Shafqat Malik. People bloodied and covered with ash ran from the scene, one man carrying a young child whose face appeared blackened from soot.
The new government of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif has said it would like to negotiate with Pakistan's largest militant group, the Taleban, to end the bloodshed, but so far those efforts have made little progress.
On Saturday, a spokesman for the Taleban said Sharif's demand that the militants lay down their weapons and respect the constitution indicated the new leader is not serious about peace talks. Previously Sharif had not given preconditions for the talks.
Sharif "showed that he is following the policy of America and its allies," the spokesman said. "We will hold talks with (the government) only when it gets the real power to take decisions."
Also in northwestern Pakistan, two missiles from an American drone hit a compound in North Waziristan on Sunday, killing three militants affiliated with the Punjab province branch of the Pakistani Taleban, said two intelligence officers. They spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media.
The Pakistan government condemned both the bomb blast and the drone attack.
-AP