The deaths of two more asylum seekers off Australia's Indian Ocean territory of Christmas Island has again focused attention on the complexity of the dangerous crossing from Indonesia in the hopes of a better life.
Numbers remain uncertain, but the toll over the years is believed to run into the hundreds.
All efforts to find a permanent solution have failed, with Prime Minister Julia Gillard's Labor Government dropping its earlier, more humane, policies and restoring much of former Liberal predecessor John Howard's reviled Pacific Solution. Gillard has re-opened detention centres on Nauru and Manus Island in Papua New Guinea and introduced a "no advantage" rule that means asylum seekers are likely to spend years in the remote camps.
A plan to help relieve the pressure by swapping 800 asylum seekers for 4000 confirmed as refugees in Malaysia by the United Nations was blocked by the Opposition, which sees political mileage in the Government's continuing problems.