A crisis of conservatism creates gridlock on both sides of the Atlantic

Donald Trump and Theresa May are struggling to guide their countries through major political challenges. Photo / AP

As Washington and London struggle to resolve political crises, Anne Applebaum argues that the blame lays with the nations' conservative cousins.

In the capital cities of the two great anglophone powers, public business has ground to a halt. On one side of the Atlantic, federal workers are lining up to receive free food while the President holds the government to ransom. On the other side, the House of Commons, a legislative body that likes to call itself the "mother of parliaments", is completely frozen by its inability to legislate. The Government cannot pass the Brexit deal it has negotiated. The opposition cannot unseat the Government.

There are different issues at stake in the United States and Britain, and very different characters in charge of each gridlock. The stiff and uncharismatic British Prime Minister, Theresa May, might as well be living on a different planet from the vulgar and mendacious Donald Trump. Yet there is nevertheless something curiously parallel about the two crises: Both are being driven by post-ideological conservative parties, the American Republicans and the British Conservatives, transatlantic cousins who have both lost their way.

Their double failure is no coincidence. In the 1980s and 1990s, anglophone conservatives were motivated by ideas so powerful that they spread from the United States and Britain to the rest of the world: Faith in democracy, faith in free markets, faith in free trade. Pummeled by events - the financial crisis, the wars in Iraq and Syria - both parties have lost that faith. But they have failed to find anything else to replace it. Instead, they have been captured by angry minorities. They are easily manipulated by big funders and special interests. They have stopped thinking about the good of the nation and can focus only on what's good for the party - or for themselves.

Certainly this is true in Britain, where May's main focus since 2016 has been party management, not British interests. She adopted the language of the Brexiteer extremists - she told her party that "if you believe you're a citizen of the world, you're a citizen of nowhere", to great applause - while quietly trying to placate the pro-business centre. She lost opportunities for cross-party compromise. Had she been willing to reach across the aisle and forge a compact with the Labour Party, she could have ended the stalemate already: There is a majority in the House of Commons for Britain to remain inside a customs union with Europe, a solution that would let trade continue and avoid the need for a hard border with the island of Ireland.

Some think that this is what May wants and that she will let backbench Conservative MPs try to achieve it. But she has lost months of valuable time because she won't propose it herself, for fear of a party division. Her party, not the country, is what matters to her most.

At least until now, Republican leaders in Congress have also refused to embrace a pragmatic solution - pass legislation to reopen the government, make a compromise on border security - for exactly the same kinds of reasons. Like May, the Republican Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell has refused to reach across the aisle in order to pay civil servants because he fears a split in his party. Like the British Conservatives, American Republicans answer only to their own voters, not to the population at large. As for Trump, his personal narcissism leaves no room for concern for anyone - not government workers, not his party colleagues. His voters seem motivated by tribalism, not ideas, to support him.

Eventually, these two crises will be resolved. But even when the stalemates in Washington and London come to an end, this moment should not be forgotten. The collapse of any motivating ideas on the centre-right in the two great anglophone powers will have broader consequences. By losing the ability to think and act in the name of national interest, British Tories and American Republicans have also lost the ability to think internationally. For Europeans accustomed to thinking of Anglo-American politicians as pragmatic and outward-looking, it has come as a shock to learn just how little British Tories actually know about Europe and about trade, just how little Republicans really care about far-flung allies, and just how much conservative politics in both countries has given way to self-dealing and self-interest. All that talk about "opportunity" and "entrepreneurship" sounds different in a world where Jacob Rees-Mogg, one of the louder Brexiteers, has moved his own investment funds to Dublin to escape the effects of Brexit, or where the US President has lied about the business deals he pursued with Moscow all the way through his election campaign.

Their language sounds hollow because they don't believe it themselves anymore, either. Like the Communist parties of Eastern Europe in the 1980s, they are going through the motions, acting out their roles, without any faith in what they are doing. I don't believe that May honestly thinks her Brexit deal is any good, just as I don't believe that McConnell thinks his tax cut benefited anyone except wealthy friends and donors. These are nihilists who have abandoned one set of values and failed to acquire any others.