Flyers posted throughout Venice have been telling visitors to "go away", as the Italian city struggles to deal with its popularity among holidaymakers.
"Tourists go away ... you are destroying this area!" read the signs pasted on walls across the canal city, including one of Venice's oldest churches, the San Giovanni in Bragora, reported the Corriere del Veneto newspaper.
It was unclear who had carried out the anti-tourism stunt.
Many are fed up with the hordes strolling around Piazza San Marco, blocking bridges and crowding alleys.
Authorities have been racking their brains for ways to better deal with the floods of tourists.