The CMA said it believed the sites could be breaking consumer protection law.
The sites must now act to address the CMA's concerns or face court action.
The watchdog has referred a number of concerns around online hotel booking sites' price guarantees and other price promises to the UK Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).
It has asked the ASA to consider whether statements like "best price guarantee" or "lowest price" mislead customers.
CMA chief executive Andrea Coscelli said: "Holidaymakers must feel sure they're getting the deal they expected, whether that's securing the discount promised or receiving reliable information about availability of rooms.
"It's also important that no-one feels pressured by misleading statements into making a booking.
'That's why we're now demanding that sites think again about how they're presenting information to their customers and make sure they're complying with the law.
"Our next step is to take any necessary action - including through the courts if needed - to ensure people get a fair deal."
The CMA has also sent warning letters to a range of sites demanding they review their terms and practices to make sure they are fair and comply with consumer protection law.
The enforcement action comes just a day after other online travel sites were accused duping holidaymakers with 'too good to be true' deals before ramping up prices through "questionable" sales tactics, according to a consumer rights group.
These operators are often small websites, but they have access to huge audiences through popular search engines like Skyscanner, Kayak and Momondo, where their prices often appear among the cheapest fares, said Which?
It launched an investigation that revealed how passengers who have used these providers to secure cheap flights have then faced demands for more cash after making a booking - and been left high and dry if they insisted the agent honour the original bargain price.