''Anglers will need to be mindful of new regulations as they are introduced so that the worst-case scenario doesn't eventuate.''
The decline came from varied factors, Pacey said, believed to result mostly from effects at sea.
These included salmon caught as by-catch by trawlers, and rising sea temperatures due to climate change altering food patterns.
Water extraction for irrigation could also be behind the decline, along with the repeated loss of hundreds of salmon at the Dunedin Community Salmon hatchery in Sawyers Bay, which the trust chairman blamed on ''vandalism''.
Pacey noted the Otago Harbour's salmon fishery was not under the control of the fish and game council.
The new one-salmon limit comes into force on October 1.