The 26-year-old edged out Dixon, Olympic bronze medal-winning freeskier Nico Porteous and Supercars champion Scott McLaughlin to claim the Sportsman of the Year award.
Champion canoer Lisa Carrington claimed a hat-trick in the Sportswoman of the Year award, taking out the honour for her third year running.
Carrington's season, which saw her claim a gold and three silver medals at the Canoe Sprint World Championships, saw her beat out rival nominees squash player Joelle King, equestrian Jonelle Price and Olympic bronze medal-winning and X-Games champion snowboarder Zoi Sadowski-Synnott.
The full list of winners and finalists for the 56th Halberg Awards:
Halberg Award winner: Tom Walsh (athletics)
Finalists: Lisa Carrington (canoe racing), Adam Hall (Para alpine skiing), Black Ferns Sevens (rugby union).
New Zealand Sportswoman of the Year winner: Lisa Carrington (canoe racing)
Finalists: Joelle King (squash), Jonelle Price (equestrian), Zoi Sadowski-Synnott (snowboarding).
Sportsman of the Year winner: Tom Walsh (athletics)
Finalists: Nico Porteous (freeskiing), Scott Dixon (motorsport), Scott McLaughlin (motorsport).
Para Athlete/Team of the Year winner: Adam Hall (Para alpine skiing)
Finalists: Corey Peters (Para alpine skiing), Scott Martlew (Para canoe racing), Sophie Pascoe (Para swimming).
Team of the Year winner: Black Ferns Sevens (rugby union)
Finalists: All Blacks Sevens (rugby union), NZ Football Under 17 Women (football), NZ Women's Kayaking Team (canoe racing), Vantage Black Sticks Women (hockey).
Buddle Findlay Coach of the Year winner: Gordon Walker (canoe racing)
Finalists: Allan Bunting (rugby union), Clark Laidlaw (rugby union), Joe Schmidt (rugby union), Leon Birnie (football).
Emerging Talent winner: Maddison-Lee Wesche (athletics)
Finalists: Amelia Kerr (cricket), Anna Leat (football), Josh Armit (yachting), Lewis Clareburt (swimming).
New Zealand's Favourite Sporting Moment winner: Anna Leat (football)
Finalists: Nico Porteous and Zoi Sadowski-Synnott (snowsports), David Liti (weightlifting), Kelly Brazier (rugby union), Black Sticks Women (hockey), Amelia Kerr (cricket), Roger Tuivasa-Sheck (Warriors rugby league), Auckland Rugby (rugby union), Black Caps (cricket), Anna Leat (football).
Sport New Zealand Leadership Award winner: Dr Farah Palmer (rugby union)
Hall of Fame inductee: Beatrice Faumuinā (athletics)
Lifetime Achievement Award winner: Barry Hunt (athletics)