One review of the effects of Meldonium on exercise performance listed the following benefits:
* Decreased levels of lactate and urea in blood
* Improved economy of glycogen: level of glycogen increased in the cells during the long-lasting exercise
* Increased endurance properties and aerobic capabilities of athletes
* Improved functional parameters of heart activity
* Increased physical work capabilities
* Increased rate of recovery after maximal and sub-maximal loads
And there is evidence that WADA knew this drug was being abused by athletes at least as early as 2015.
Listen: Dr David Gerrard on what is meldonium
In a recent article on the drug, performance athlete Jake Shelley wrote that Meldonium is an anti-ischaemic drug used clinically to treat angina, myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure.
It is manufactured in Latvia under the commercial name of Mildronate and is one of the country's largest exports, with turnover reaching EUR 65 million in 2013. It is not yet approved by the FDA for use in the USA.
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Meldonium was added to the WADA list of banned substances on January 1, 2016 because of "evidence of its use by athletes with the intention of enhancing performance."
This evidence had led WADA to add the drug to its monitoring program a year prior to the ban, on January 1st 2015.
During this monitoring period 8320 random doping control urine samples covering different classes of sport either from in- or out-of-competition were analysed for the presence of Meldonium. 182 positive Meldonium findings were returned.
With the evidence in, WADA chose to add the drug to its banned list effective from January 1 this year.
- news.com.au