Nadezhda Ostapchuk claims her drug test returned positive because she was framed by a former athletics head coach, who allegedly extorted money from athletes with the threat of positive drug tests.
The 31-year-old Belarusian tested positive for metenolone, an anabolic agent, meaning New Zealander Valerie Adams' medal will be upgraded from silver to gold.
Ostapchuk alleged to Belarusian newspaper Pressball, translated by website Charter 97, that Anatoly Baduyev, the country's former athletics head coach, could be behind her positive test results.
The former coach was arrested by the country's KGB in May on suspicion of embezzlement following reports that an official was extorting money from athletes through the threat of positive drug tests.
"The person, you know who I mean, the one who was involved in blackmail, he promised me long ago: You will have problems with doping control. Now I think his threat begins to come true, even though he no longer works with us," Ostapchuk said.