The skipper fired up once again the following over when umpires decided to halt play due to heavy rain at Shere Bangla National Stadium.
Al Hasan picked up the three stumps at the non-striker's end and dangerously threw them onto the pitch.
He was later filmed engaging in a war of words with Abahani coach Khaled Mahmud, who is also a Bangladesh Cricket Board director.
The Sydney Morning Herald's Andrew Wu described it as "an extraordinary dummy spit", while former Kent all-rounder Fabian Cowdrey tweeted, "I don't care how OUT he thinks this is, there's no room in our sport for this behaviour."
According to the Laws of Cricket, it is illegal for a player to show dissent at an umpire's decision or wilfully mistreat any part of the cricket equipment.
Kazi Inam Ahmed, chairman of the Cricket Committee of Dhaka Metropolis, called the incident "unfortunate".
"We saw there was a lot of excitement in this Abahani-Mohammedan game, and there were some incidents involving Shakib Al Hasan. It was streamed live on Facebook and YouTube, so I am sure all of you saw it. It is unfortunate. We expect players to keep their emotions under control even in the heated moments in cricket," Ahmed said.
"This is not the example we want to see from Bangladesh's professional, international players.
"Like international matches, we also have a playing-control team, which consists of the match referee and umpires. We expect their report by tonight. The rules are in place, so whatever comes (out), we will act accordingly."
Unfortunately, this is not an isolated incident for Al Hasan.
In 2016, he smashed the stumps with his bat after being dismissed by Pakistan paceman Mohammad Amir during an Asia Cup game.
Mohammedan ultimately won the rain-affected match by 31 runs via the Duckworth-Lewis method.
Al Hasan posted an apology to his Facebook after the match had ended: "I am extremely sorry for losing my temper and ruining the match for everyone and especially those who are watching from home. An experienced player like me should not have reacted that way but sometimes against all odds it happens unfortunately.
"I apologise to the teams, management, tournament officials and organizing committee for this human error. Hopefully, I won't be repeating this again in the future. Thanks and love you all."
Al Hasan has represented Bangladesh in 57 Test matches and 212 one-day internationals, scoring 11,952 runs and taking 571 wickets for his country.
Earlier in the 20-over contest, Al Hasan smacked 37 off 27 balls to help Mohammedan post 145/6 in the first innings.
Two years ago, Al Hasan was suspended by the International Cricket Council after failing to inform authorities about being approached by a bookmaker.
