An 18-month-old child was found standing over the gear stick of a moving car during a police sting.
Sergeant Cam Donnison of Hawke's Bay Road Policing said officers came across the toddler at a road policing checkpoint in Hastings yesterday.
There was an empty child seat in the back but the driver chose not to use it, Donnison said.
"We were also very alarmed at the number of children unrestrained in the back and front seat of cars," he said.
"This sort of behaviour could result in a completely preventable tragedy occurring on our roads."