Jacinda Ardern has announced the election will be delayed until October 17. Photo / File
Jacinda Ardern has announced the election will be delayed until October 17. Photo / File
The decision to delay New Zealand's 2020 general election to October 17, according to Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, was partly about voter and candidate safety and partly to allow parties to campaign fairly.
As much as anything, Ardern wanted to restore some sense of political certainty amid the ongoing Covid-19 crisis.
The re-emergence of community transmission, with Auckland moving to alert level 3 and the rest of New Zealand to level 2, had thrown the election campaign into a kind of limbo. Arguments for and against delaying the election consumed the news and social media in the lead-up to Ardern's call.
National leader Judith Collins argued it was "unsuitable to expect there to be a fair and just election at a time when the opposition parties and other parties in government are not free to campaign" and that "postal voting is not good enough".
The Prime Minister has announced that the new election date is 17 October. That is her decision. Right now the focus must be on finding out exactly what failed so catastrophically at the border so we can be sure it won’t happen again.
Act leader David Seymour said candidates and voters in Auckland were "effectively under house arrest" and having the Prime Minister fronting daily Covid-19 press briefings meant it was no longer a "level playing field".
New Zealanders deserve four straight weeks at Level 1 so that voters can get out and meet the candidates. We can’t have a free and fair election while candidates and voters in our largest city are effectively under house arrest.https://t.co/kqhno91cT0
Even New Zealand First leader Winston Peters called for an extension, despite his party arguably having the advantage of incumbency and him being Deputy Prime Minister.
Only the Greens dismissed the need for a delay, saying Opposition arguments were purely political and that the Electoral Commission was best placed to decide whether turnout would be compromised at level 2 or 3.
Is conventional campaigning out of date?
It's true that under both alert levels it has become impossible to hold political events such as campaign launches, meet-and-greets in malls or on the street, and door-to-door canvassing.
"We’ve always held the view that the Election Day should only change if it’s in the best interests of public health and the health of our democracy." @jamespeshaw
But the question in 2020 is how relevant are those conventional campaign methods compared to the other ways voters now obtain political information?
We explored this very question by looking at data from the 2017 New Zealand Election Study. We found that while parties and candidates use multiple methods to reach voters, voters are not passive in this process and can choose their methods of engagement and participation.
Data from our 3445 respondents revealed a number of key points:
* around 2 per cent of people received a text from a party
* 10 per cent were contacted on social media
* 12 per cent were contacted by email
* 22 per cent were contacted by phone
* 66 per cent were contacted via a letter or pamphlet
* but only 14 per cent were contacted in person, at their house or in the street (figures do not add to 100 per cent because respondents were allowed more than one answer).
Overall, 86 per cent of respondents said they received their political information, advertising or news from television, radio, print media or online.
While television and newspapers were the most commonly accessed (the range was between 42 per cent and 59 per cent), 36 per cent also used social media – which was twice as popular as radio.
The rise of the internet
We also asked how people participated in the campaign process. The highest scoring option was watching an election debate on television (62 per cent). But the internet came a close second, with 61 per cent saying they used online sources at least once to access election information.
The most popular sites were Facebook, Instagram, YouTube or similar (36 per cent).
We know there are risks associated with online platforms and social media being the primary or sole source of political news, given they are the primary channels for the spread of misinformation, disinformation and worse.
But we also know our respondents used the internet to access more authoritative sources:
* 25 per cent visited a political party, MP or candidate site
* 18 per cent sought information from the Parliament or Electoral Commission sites
* 28 per cent accessed blogs, online news and fit-for-purpose voter information applications.
By contrast, only 5 per cent said they attended a political meeting during the election campaign.
Time to rethink campaigning
This isn't to say town hall meetings, campaign launches, and meet-and-greets aren't important. They are a means to mobilise the party faithful, to fundraise and to communicate policy platforms. And we know that face-to-face engagement is critical for building trust.
But these are no longer the only means of influence for political parties. Many voters have moved to different and more varied platforms, most of which are easily accessible during level 2 and level 3.
In the end, Ardern has made a political calculation about the immediate circumstances of the 2020 election. But perhaps the time has come for parties to rethink their strategies for 21st century campaigning in general.
