Sunset Dance of sharks and gulls wins international underwater photography prize

Renee Capozzola won the overall prize for this photo of Reef sharks and sea birds in French Polynesia.

A graceful photograph of blacktip reef sharks cruising beneath sea gulls at sunset in French Polynesia sees Renee Capozzola from the United States named Underwater Photographer of the Year 2021. Capozzola's photograph triumphed over 4500 underwater pictures entered by underwater photographers from 68 countries. She is the first female photographer to be named overall winner of the prestigious international photography contest.

The Macro photo winner for this Pontohi pygmy seahorse (Hippocampus pontohi) was Galice Hoarau

To shoot "Sharks' Skylight", Capozzola travelled from her home in California, out across the Pacific Ocean, to the tiny island of Moorea in August 2020. "French Polynesia strongly protects its sharks, it is my favourite place to photograph them," she said. "I dedicated several evenings to photographing in the shallows at sunset, and I was finally rewarded with this scene: glass-calm water, a rich sunset, sharks and even birds."

Tobias Friedich's haunting picture of The wreck of the Bowlander in the Bahamas won the Wrecks best picture

Chair of the competition judges, Dr Alexander Mustard MBE, commented "this is a photograph of hope, a glimpse of how the ocean can be when we give it a chance, thriving with spectacular life both below and above the surface. The photographer not only persevered until this serendipitous scene unfolded, but more importantly Renee had the talent to capture this precise moment. The gorgeous lighting is sympathetic, but the picture is made by the elegance of the composition as sharks, sunset and seabirds fleetingly converge. Judging this year's competition was a pleasure, a much-needed escape into the underwater world, I hope everyone enjoys immersing themselves in these fabulous images."

British Underwater photographer of the year and My Backyard winner Mark Kirkland shot this image in Malls Mire, a small woodland in central Glasgow

The Underwater Photographer of the Year contest is based in the UK, and Mark Kirkland, from Glasgow (Scotland) was named as British Underwater Photographer of the Year 2021 for his inner-city wildlife vision "While You Are Sleeping" taken close to his home, in early March 2020. "This small muddy pond is an unlikely haven for wildlife, squeezed between a housing estate, supermarket and factory. But for a few nights each year, while the city sleeps, it comes alive with frogs. This frame was the culmination of 25 hours over four winter nights of lying stationary in darkness. Was it time well spent? Absolutely!"

Competition judge Mustard commented "this remarkable image shows that even in the centre of the city of Glasgow, frogs and world class underwater photography can thrive."

Fellow judge Peter Rowlands added "I think it is a masterpiece. Savour it."

Karim Ilya's Aerial view of a crowded island in Guna Yala - A tightly inhabited village off the coast of Panama- won the Conservation section

In the same contest, Karim Iliya from the United States was named Marine Conservation Photographer of the Year 2021 for his graphic photo "Crowded Island" representing over-population and the pressure is exerts on the sea, with an aerial view of a small island in Panama. This category is open to both underwater and above water photographs highlighting conservation issues in the ocean, this is the first time an above water picture has triumphed.

"This densely inhabited village is a visual microcosm, a reminder of how humans across the planet are over-consuming space," Iliya said.

"Our relationship with nature and the importance of protecting it becomes very apparent when you look at our species from above and see how we monopolise space, forcing nature out."

Competition judge Rowlands commented "a stark visual reminder of how we humans overrun the land, then overfish the surrounding sea. This photo captures the unnatural and unsustainable imbalance perfectly". Mustard added "all the problems facing the ocean come down to this – too many people".

Alice Bennett was named Up and Coming Underwater Photographer of the Year and the Most Promising British Underwater Photographer for this picture of cave divers in Mexico

The Underwater Photographer of the Year competition also aims to promote new photographic talent. SJ Alice Bennett, from the UK, but living in Mexico, was named as Up & Coming Underwater Photographer of the Year 2021 for a stylish photo of divers exploring a cave. Her image "Tying In" has a contemporary feel and relies on both advanced scuba diving and photographic techniques.

"This photo was shot was taken during cave training," explained Bennett "the two divers are followed closely by lighting assistants creating the beautiful halo effects that pick them out from the darkness."

The winner in the Behaviour section was Karim Ilya for a Striped Marlin hunting fish in Mexico

Judge Mustard explains the photo's appeal "we always reward photographic innovation in this category and the control of light in a totally dark cave combined with the shallow depth of field empower this image with a fresh vision and truly capture the spirit of exploring underwater and underground."

Underwater Photographer of the Year is an annual competition, based in the UK, that celebrates photography beneath the surface of the ocean, lakes, rivers and even swimming pools. British photographer Phil Smith was the first underwater Photographer of the Year, named in 1965. Today's competition attracts entries from all around the world, has 13 categories, testing photographers with themes such as Macro, Wide Angle, Behaviour and Wreck photography, as well as four categories for photos taken specifically in British waters. This year's judges were experienced underwater photographers Peter Rowlands, Martin Edge and Alex Mustard.