It may take years to track down the hundreds of Chinese nationals who entered the country on fraudulently obtained students visas and some "may never be found".
In all, 296 successful applications lodged in Immigration New Zealand's Beijing office have been found to be fraudulent, and the agency is seeking 236 who have already arrived.
Only 38 have so far been found and served a deportation liability notice, says an immigration adviser.
"The real crooks who came with the intention of working in vineyards and brothels have achieved their aim and will probably end up living happily ever after in New Zealand," said the adviser, who is representing four students and did not want to be named.
"But we have a situation where the innocent ones, who are not even aware that their applications had contained fraudulent documents, are being dragged out of class and being served deportation papers."