Public views sought on human-embryo research

The controversial subject of using human embryos for scientific research is being opened up for public discussion.

The Bioethics Council, which launched its discussion document on the subject today, is asking the public for feedback on whether human embryos should be used for research in New Zealand, and if so, where these embryos should come from.

"It's a serious topic that involves everyone in New Zealand," said the council's acting chair Dr Martin Wilkinson.

"We are talking about using human embryos for research, which raises tremendously important issues. We want people to think about these issues and we want people to have an opinion."

The booklet, "The cultural, ethical and spiritual aspects of using human embryos for research", acts as a run-up to web-based discussion and a formal submission process.

While international research practices vary in their controls and limitations, New Zealand currently bans using embryos of any kind for research.

The term "embryo" is defined as the stage of development from 0 to 8 weeks after fertilisation. It is illegal in New Zealand to allow an embryo to continue to develop outside the womb beyond 14 days after formation.

Potential sources for research embryos include utilising unused ones from the in vitro fertilisation process at fertility clinics, through a process similar to cloning but which does not result in a human foetus. Another alternative is using specifically-created embryos from donated sperm and eggs.

Scientific research using embryos is a field loaded with potential. Among research currently being carried out in New Zealand and overseas:

* how certain diseases, such as cancer, develop

* how stem cells from embryos might be used to treat people with spinal injuries, or those suffering from neuro-degenerative illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimers

* a better understanding of the causes of miscarriages or birth disorders in children

One field of research with tremendous potential is the development of stem cell lines from embryonic sources. Currently, only adult stem cells are used for research in New Zealand, although the government is currently considering guidelines for importing human embryonic stem cell lines.

The discussion on the Bioethics Council's website starts on August 15.

Later this year, ACART, the government Advisory Committee on Assisted Reproductive Technology will be advising the Minister of Health on using human embryos for research. People can make written submissions to ACART from October.

Tell us your views

Information
>> www.bioethics.org.nz

>> www.newhealth.govt.nz