Prime Minister Christopher Luxon and Housing Minister Chris Bishop announced a multi-year shake-up of public housing agency Kāinga Ora. Video / Mark Mitchell
The Government is embarking on a multi-year shake-up of public housing agency Kāinga Ora, after a highly critical report found the debt-laden agency was staring down the barrel of annual deficits of $700 million.
The report, led by former Prime Minister Sir Bill English, found Kāinga Ora exploited its easy access to Government credit, bingeing on borrowing without giving sufficient heed to the fiscal discipline taking on such immense debts would require.
Housing Minister Chris Bishop said the report found Kāinga Ora was “not financially viable without significant savings as well as funding and financing changes”.
“We have significant concerns about the governance of Kāinga Ora,” Bishop said at today’s post-Cabinet press conference.
“One of the problems has been that Kāinga Ora has had very easy access to debt.”
He indicated a total refresh of the Kāinga Ora board, but ruled out a mass sell-off of state houses.
The report recommended three stages of renewal at the agency, beginning now and lasting over a number of years. The recommendations, if accepted, would eventually see Kāinga Ora operate to a “social investment” model, which was piloted by English during the last National-led Government.
Prime Minister Christopher Luxon and Housing Minister Chris Bishop make an announcement about Kāinga Ora at the post-Cabinet press conference at Parliament in Wellington. May 20, 2024. Photo / Mark Mitchell
Bishop today announced Cabinet had agreed to four recommendations, including an immediate refresh of the agency’s board. Former Powerco, Auckland International Airport and Spark NZ chief executive Simon Moutter was appointed Kāinga Ora board chairman, with his term beginning on June 4.
The others were to align “contractual arrangements across Kāinga Ora and Community Housing Providers”; to issue a “simplified direction” to the agency; and to “set an expectation that the Kāinga Ora Board will develop a credible and detailed plan to improve financial performance with the goal of eliminating losses”.
He said Kāinga Ora was an asset owner that looked after vulnerable people but also had many other roles. However, it needed to focus on its core job of being a “good landlord”.
There had been “green shoots of change” recently at Kāinga Ora, Bishop acknowledged, but there was still a long way to go.
The board has been without a permanent chair since former Labour minister Vui Mark Gosche resigned in February. Bishop signalled the current board would be significantly overhauled but didn’t specify whether the entire board would be sacked.
The last Government’s affordable housing scheme, KiwiBuild, would officially be scrapped, Bishop confirmed. An official date for this had not yet been set.
The report found that operating deficits at Kāinga Ora were forecast to grow from $520 million in 2022/23 to over $700 million in 2026/27.
This was mainly driven by interest on the debt-financed capital investment programme. Kāinga Ora drove record public housing construction under the previous Government, financed by allowing the agency to borrow under its own name and through capital injections from the Crown.
But this has saddled the agency with immense debts, which the report found to be unsustainable.
“Debt is forecast to increase to $23 billion. Kāinga Ora’s forecast cash requirement from the Crown is $21.4 billion over the next four years. This is equivalent to every New Zealander paying about $4000 for this activity,” Bishop said.
“The review found that Kāinga Ora has had easy access to debt but insufficient focus on fiscal discipline, and low levels of accountability have led to growing annual losses and a deteriorating financial situation,” Bishop said.
The report was sceptical of the way Kāinga Ora had been governed. Bishop said it found there “has not been a clear separation between the board’s governance role and operational management, and that they saw evidence that the board has been acting more as an advisory function rather than governing”.
The report found that in the “May 2023 board budget pack, there was no Statement of Financial Position.”
“The budget assumed that new lending of several billion dollars from the Government would be approved, the build pipeline included a line entitled ‘Zero Net Growth’, describing disposals of an indeterminate kind of over 3000 homes per year, and did not provide a budget scenario where Kāinga Ora is limited to the funding agreed by the Government,” Bishop said.
Kāinga Ora and its financial performance have been the subject of significant conjecture between the new Government and the outgoing Labour administration, with Labour arguing Kāinga Ora was sustainable provided it continued to receive adequate funding and access to Income-Related Rent Subsidy, the flow of operational funding which subsidises a public housing tenant’s rent.
Labour’s suspicion is that the new Government is keen to shift the provision of public housing places to Community Housing Providers, a collection of private, often charitable providers, who can also access rent subsidies in return for providing public housing places.
Labour housing spokesman Kieran McAnulty called for the Government to commit to further funding for income-related rent subsidies. Photo / Warren Buckland
Labour housing spokesman Kieran McAnulty said Bishop not committing to funding the income-related rent subsidy scheme past June next year wouldn’t give the industry confidence.
“Kāinga Ora have paused projects, community housing providers are cancelling projects and building consents are falling rapidly. This impacts families in desperate need of housing as well as local tradies and apprentices who are losing work as a result.
“All this would have been avoided if the Government committed to ongoing funding.”
He defended the previous Government’s record managing Kāinga Ora, in light of the report’s criticism of the agency for its financial management.
“They were given a really clear steer from the last Government that funding will be continued.”
Green Party housing spokeswoman Tamatha Paul claimed the Government was using the review to facilitate a decrease in the number of state houses built - a claim Bishop contested.
“Now they are gearing up to put public housing in the too-hard basket, with an arbitrary focus on short-term finances, rather than a commitment to use public housing to end homelessness and guarantee everyone a decent place to live.
“We should be building thousands of new homes and confirming crucial ongoing funding like Income-Related Rent Subsidy placements.”
Former Kāinga Ora chairman Gosche told the Herald he had not seen the report before its publication. He had expected it to be critical of the organisation because the new Government had been critical of Kāinga Ora in opposition.
“You would expect the report would be critical ... the Government was very critical of the organisation,” Gosche said.
He said the annual reports published by Kāinga Ora when he was chairman spoke for themselves.
“All I can say is that there were annual reports for the time that I was on the board and I’ll leave them to speak for themselves,” he said.
Adam Pearse is a political reporter in the NZ Herald Press Gallery team, based at Parliament. He has worked for NZME since 2018, covering sport and health for the Northern Advocate in Whangārei before moving to the Herald in Auckland, covering Covid-19 and crime.
