Rats have taken up residence in Abberley Park, St Albans, threatening the monarch butterfly and fantail populations.
Traps have been set to rid the park of rats. Friends of Abberley Park group member Patricia Wallace said butterfly numbers had been noticeably dwindling.
"When concerns were raised that rats might be eating butterflies in the trees at night, it immediately spiked our interest. We also have quite a lot of fantails and we know rats eat the eggs and fledglings of our native birds like these," she said.
City council manager community parks Al Hardy said while no decisions have been made in relation to rat control, cameras, traps and a small number of mice and rat traps have shown evidence of rats in the park.
Only one rat nest has been found so far, after a dog had a particular interest with one tree.