The right of a defendant to be judged by 12 members of the public is entrenched in the Anglo-American justice system.
It is a fundamental aspect of an adversarial model that, historically, has been distinct from the European inquisitorial approach in which judges actively inquire into the facts with the aim of establishing the truth.
Things have been changing over the past few years, however. Inquisitorial processes have begun to be used in the likes of the Family Court and also featured in the 2011 Criminal Procedure Act's pre-trial case management procedures. Nonetheless, what is proposed in a Law Commission consultation paper on alternative trial systems is still a quantum leap.
The paper suggests ditching juries in favour of trials by a judge and two semi-professional jurors trained in criminal procedure. And, as in Europe, the judge, rather than lawyers, would control proceedings, including the calling of witnesses.
The impetus for such a change has been provided by cases involving sexual offending, where the commission says many victims and defendants find the adversarial system "alienating and disempowering". So much so that the reporting of sex offences is thought to have been constrained by the prospect of aggressive questioning during the trial process.