For climate change - one of 12 key research areas identified - the goals were summarised as "New Zealand understands the pathways that can lead to a low-carbon economy that will support its international commitments" and "The impacts of climate change on the environment, economy and society are effectively managed through planned adaptation and risk reduction".
The document set out a range of research questions, emerging ideas and capability needs, spanning from innovative techniques to slash methane emissions from ruminant animals, to risk-mapping and improved policies.
But Renwick, who is travelling the country in a speaking tour raising awareness around climate change, said where the document was "less impressive" was the language around the scope and urgency of the issues.
"It talks about a future with 'relatively intact' natural ecosystems and about the 'trade-offs' between environmental protection and economic growth," he said.
"A recognition that the economy is a component of the environment does not come through in this document."
He noted the document pointed to a roadmap for the next two decades, by which time the globe's budget of carbon emissions to keep warming below 2C would be spent, at present emissions rates.
"Yet, the first 20-year vision given under the climate change theme is New Zealand understands the pathways that can lead to a low-carbon economy that will support its international commitments, as if we have 20 years to work out what to do."
Significant action needed to begin immediately, and emissions had to start coming down as soon as possible, he said.
"While the Government has an Emissions Trading Scheme and is investing in agricultural emissions research, there is no hint that the country's total emissions are decreasing, or are expected to decrease at any time in the coming 20 years."
Other major research areas pointed out were freshwater, coastal, land, urban and marine ecosystems, biosecurity, informatics, modelling and monitoring, and new and emerging technologies.
The roadmap would help build a strategic approach to environmental science in New Zealand, and help core government departments set research priorities and influence future funding proposals.
"Robust science and evidence underpins good decisions about how we care for our nature," said Conservation Minister Maggie Barry, lead minister for the project.
"We need to be thinking ahead to what issues we're going to face, and also take a fresh look at how to deal with problems like introduced predators and weeds."
An independent Strategic Advisory Group, led by the Prime Minister's chief science adviser, Sir Peter Gluckman, helped develop the paper alongside Ministry for the Environment and Department of Conservation staff.
The New Zealand Association of Scientists (NZAS) meanwhile said it was a "positive step" for the Government.
"The fact that they have developed and released the Conservation and Environment Roadmap first points to the importance of this sector to New Zealand," its president, Dr Craig Stevens, said.
"The roadmap is, however, very high level so it remains to be seen how it will actually influence front-line science."
"This is compounded by its release being out of sync with the National Science Challenges which support significant activity and leadership in this area - it will be another three years before these have any significant re-focus."
Dr Cate Macinnis-Ng, a senior lecturer in biological sciences at the University of Auckland, said she welcomed the "broad scope and wide coverage" of the document.
New Zealand had a number of pressing environmental challenges, specifically freshwater issues, invasive pests and ongoing soil degradation.
"On the positive side, the roadmap also highlights some of the opportunities in the environmental space including new technologies and matauranga Maori," Macinnis-Ng said.
"Better integration of matauranga Maori and tikanga Maori into environmental assessment and management has huge potential for improving environmental and social health for all New Zealanders.
"We all have a stake in the environmental wellbeing of our country and I encourage everyone to contribute to the consultation."
• Feedback was welcomed on the discussion paper, available on the Ministry for the Environment and Department of Conservation websites, until September 7. Meetings would be held in Auckland, Hamilton, Lincoln, Dunedin and Wellington next month.
