Every Child Counts, a coalition of child advocacy groups, said the report revealed a crisis in monitoring of child poverty.
Unicef New Zealand executive director Dennis McKinlay said it was imperative to have more immediate data to measure deprivation in New Zealand.
"We need to know how we compare in the international setting so that we can find ways to do better for children who are missing out on some of their basic rights."
Ministry of Social Development data puts New Zealand's deprivation rate at 18 per cent, compared with 15 per cent in Britain, which New Zealand ranked ahead of on the income-based poverty measure.
"A crucial next step would be for New Zealand to align our deprivation index with the current European Union standard index to show how children here are faring in relation to their counterparts in Europe," Mr McKinlay said.
The report showed spending on children and families in New Zealand was relatively high, at 3 per cent of GDP.
But Mr McKinlay said much of that went towards remedial services to counter low spending in early childhood, which was less than half the OECD average.
The report also found poverty was not an inevitable situation but was susceptible to government policies.
"The Government needs to do a lot better for our children in New Zealand. As this report shows, policy choices have a significant impact on the lives of our young people.
"The right choices give young people the opportunity for a good start in life and have the ability to solve some of our most serious social problems."
The report said the full impact of the global recession was yet to be measured, but children were disproportionately affected.
Mr McKinlay said the failure to protect children from today's economic crisis was one of the most costly mistakes a society could make.
Every Child Counts manager Deborah Morris-Travers said children in the early years of life were the most vulnerable to the negative impacts of poverty.
"This highlights the need to closely monitor poverty and deprivation and set time-specific targets to improve the living standards of these children."
Labour children's spokeswoman Jacinda Ardern said the report showed the wrong policy choices and priorities could have a profound impact on children and a country's economic future.
"Investing less than half of the OECD average on children's early, and most critical years, proves this Government's priorities are all wrong."
She called on the Government to set meaningful targets to eradicate child poverty and deprivation.
Ririki executive director Anton Blank said Maori and Pacific children bore the brunt of child poverty.
A "massive brown underclass" was developing as their populations grew, which would have serious social and economic consequences, he said.
"This is a Polynesian time bomb."
Mr Blank said the report reinforced that child poverty could be alleviated by good policy choices.
