One of Jacinda Ardern's favourite sayings is "let me be clear" or "my message is very clear."
So the message she delivered to the hard-line, dishevelled President of the Philippines late last night was at least clear in her mind - but was no doubt water off Rodrigo Duterte's back.
She raised the issue of human rights and with good reason. Since Duterte came to power in June last year the official figure of drug deaths at the hands of police is 3500 - while the real figure, taking into account vigilante death squads, is thought to be at least three times that.
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It seems incredible that Duterte's taken seriously on the international stage, which given his hosting of the East Asia economic summit, he is.
Last week in Vietnam, speaking to Filipino expats, he claimed that as a 16-year-old he stabbed a man to death in a brawl. He was defending his crackdown on drugs and no-one knows whether he was joking or not, just as they were similarly baffled when he once claimed to have pushed a man out of a helicopter.