Some believe this is the tale of King Charles I's attempt to reform duty on liquor. When he was blocked by parliament, he ordered the volume of a "Jack" (half a pint) be reduced, while the tax remained the same, hence more tax despite the veto. "Jack fell down and broke his crown" refers to markings on a half pint glass in the UK which have a crown above the half pint mark. "Jill came tumbling after" refers to a gill or quarter pint, which also dropped in volume.
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London Bridge is Falling Down, 1744
One of the more sinister theories behind this rhyme is the practice of immurement - when someone is entombed within a structure to watch over it and ensure its stability. In the case of London Bridge, there is a reference to the sacrifice of a child - entombed in the bridge's base to keep watch over the bridge. Eeeek!
Mary Mary Quite Contrary, 1744
Mary Tudor, aka Bloody Mary, was known for persecuting and murdering many Protestants. The poem is allegedly about those sent to the graveyard (garden). The silver bells and cockleshells are torture instruments, and the maids in the last line are a reference to the guillotine, nicknamed The Maiden. Oh, Mother Goose!
Three Blind Mice, 1805
Another tribute to Bloody Mary. It is believed the trio refers to Protestant bishops who attempted to overthrow the queen and were burned at the stake.
Here We Go Round The Mulberry Bush, 1840
It is believed this rhyme is a reference to a women's prison, where the prisoners were exercised around a mulberry tree.
Pop Goes the Weasel, 1855
This tune focuses on the cycle of poverty. It is believed much of the rhyme is Cockney rhyming slang, for example, "pop" refers to pawning something, and "weasel" means coat.
- nzherald.co.nz