The Queen, who did not wear a mask, was escorted into the chamber by her son, Prince Charles. She delivered the speech slowly and deliberately before a socially distanced audience, all of whom needed to have a negative Covid test to attend.
The Queen did not wear her crown. Instead, it was carried into the chamber ahead of her on a cushion.
Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his Cabinet put together the list of proposals after a year of lockdowns and Covid-19 restrictions triggered the UK's deepest economic slump in three centuries. The Government is also facing renewed calls for Scottish independence and unrest in Northern Ireland fuelled by Britain's departure from the European Union.
Johnson will pursue the agenda from a position of strength, with his Conservative Party holding 365 of the 650 seats in the House of Commons. That electoral power was underscored last week, when the Conservatives dominated local elections in England.
Ahead of the speech, Johnson announced plans to give all adults access to four years of university or job training throughout their lifetimes as part of an effort to ensure workers have the skills employers need in a changing economy. The Government also plans to revamp planning laws to speed up construction of new homes.
"These new laws are the rocket fuel that we need to level up this country and ensure equal opportunities for all," Johnson said before the speech. "We know that having the right skills and training is the route to better, well-paid jobs."