Simpsons rule the roost

The Simpsons head a British selection of favourite animations.

Homer Simpson might be the all-American suburban anti-hero but the Brits have no problem identifying with the beer-swilling couch potato from the nuclear power plant town of Springfield.

A recent list of favourite animations by Channel 4 showed American humour rates highly with the Brits, as it does in New Zealand. And a top-five selection of history's greatest cartoons by the Independent newspaper confirms the Americans are on top when it comes to animated hi jinks and mockery. And the winners are:

1. Doh! - it's The Simpsons

A dozen series ago, during the 1992 presidential election, George Bush senior awarded the animated couch-potatoes from Springfield the ultimate subversive accolade. The ideal American family, he said, should be a little "more like the Waltons and less like the Simpsons".

For an out-of-touch Bush, it was a case of "Good night, John Boy", and he lost the election.

Named history's greatest cartoon by Channel 4, beating Tom and Jerry, Bugs Bunny and Mickey Mouse, The Simpsons occupies a unique place in global popular culture.

Blisteringly satirical, funny, uncompromisingly intelligent and political, it is also stupendously popular. Its creators hope that it will run until 2009, completing 20 network seasons to become the longest-running entertainment programme on US television. A feature-length movie is also planned.

The characters, Homer, Marge, Bart and Lisa began life 18 years ago, drawn by Matt Groening and named after members of his family. It was originally as a filler on The Tracey Ullman Show. Since then, there have been more than 330 episodes.

Fox's number one show about the lives of the blue-collar, middle American family has been screened in more than 90 countries. Its cartoon format has allowed it to challenge race, religion and politics in a way that would never be tolerated in real-life comedy.

Channel 4 won a recent bidding war with BBC2 for terrestrial rights to show episodes. In New Zealand, the show was wrested from TV2 when the rights were won by rival network TV3.

2. Cat and mouse who made Oscars history

William Hanna and Joseph Barbera's tale of internecine struggle between a murderous cat and his long-suffering victim-cum-tormentor mouse, has earned seven Academy Awards.

Their relentlessly violent, racially dubious animations accompanied some of MGM's most celebrated releases during what is now seen as a golden age of cinema.

The two artists learnt their trade during the Depression era, and were brought together at the studio's legendary animation unit before World War II. Although producer Fred C Quimby was initially underwhelmed by their idea for a warring cat and mouse, he gave them the go ahead.

The first film, Puss Gets the Boot, was released in 1940 with Tom called Jasper and a nameless Jerry. They were accompanied by the haunting music of Scott Bradley. A further 161 titles followed.

One of the great controversies has been Mammy-Two-Shoes, a black woman's voice only ever heard attached to a pair of slippers and stockings. The character was dropped two years before the Supreme Court declared racial segregation was unconstitutional.

But MGM decided to recolour the film and dubbed the old cartoons with an Irish maid, voiced by June Foray, for its reissues.

The Cartoon Network redubbed them again with a new set of voices. The series was reprised for television in 1975.

Tom and Jerry won their first Oscar for the patriotic 1943 war-time short, Yankee Doodle Mouse. Their last came in the 1953 Johann Mouse, which set the traditional chases and fights to waltz time. The duo danced with Gene Kelly in Anchors Away and Invitation to Dance. They also teamed up with Esther Williams in the film Dangerous When Wet. 

3. They killed Kenny, but the show goes on

Approaching its ninth network series in the US, with global television deals, a merchandising empire and an Oscar-nominated film, it now seems hard to think that South Park began life in the nerd world of internet film.

In 1996, The Spirit of Christmas - the story of four foul-mouthed boys from the Colorado town of South Park - was created for a Fox executive to send as a video Christmas card. Made on a tiny budget, Matt Stone and Trey Parker's show depicting a battle between Jesus and Santa Claus over the ownership of Christmas, was never shown on television.

After achieving cult status on the internet, the cable TV network Comedy Central offered the animators their own show. The first episode, Cartman Gets an Anal Probe, was screened in 1997.

The stars are Stan, the group's leader voiced by Parker, who vomits when he talks to a girl; his best friend and the butt of all jokes, Kyle, voiced by Stone; Cartman, whose "mother" is an over-sexed hermaphrodite; and Kenny, who is normally killed during each episode.

US political pundits have identified a new breed of "South Park Republicans": twentysomething males who favour rampant libertarianism over liberal sensitivities. Ironically, Parker and Stone's latest offering Team America: World Police was condemned by many on the right for its "anti-Americanism".

4. For the kids and the adults

Pixar's 1995 Toy Story bridged the gap between children's and adults' cinema-going habits. With its fast pace, humorous dialogue and state-of-the-art computer graphics, it made a family visit to the movies fun.

At the heart of Toy Story was Woody the cowboy, whose role as head honcho in the toy cupboard is usurped by the arrival of a Buzz Lightyear doll. Woody is embroiled in a race against time to save his spaceman rival after he causes him to fall out of the window.

Admirers have praised the film's values of loyalty and friendship, which refrained from straying too far into the schmaltzy Hollywood cliche zone.

The follow-up four years later, while more technically accomplished, lacked the soul of the original. A third film is expected this year.

5. Ratings failure wins a late-day reprieve

Like The Simpsons, Family Guy originated from the mighty stable of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, depicting a less than savoury view of modern American family life.

Unlike its inspiration, it was axed after two years as audiences dwindled.

Creatively, it broke little new ground. The father, Peter Griffin, a toy factory inspector from Rhode Island whose primary claim to fame is having emitted the longest fart in television history, is mis-married to upper-class Lois.

Their eldest child is teenage misfit Meg whose hankering for collagen implants does nothing to improve her popularity with the boys. Her brothers are the gullible skater boy Chris, and killer tot Stewie, who is bent on world domination.

First screened in 1999, Family Guy has won a clutch of awards, including two Emmys. So successful was it, that Fox scheduled it against Friends. That was a big mistake. As the audience plummeted there was also controversy. Fox dropped an episode called When You Wish Upon a Weinstein over fears it was anti-Semitic.

But Family Guy has earned a reprieve in the US where box-set sales of DVDs reached three million last year. The first series was also watched by significant audiences on the internet. It will return to the network next year, a book of the series has just been published and there is a computer game.

- INDEPENDENT