Staring at seagulls is the best way to stop them stealing your chips or ice cream, ecologists have shown.
Britain's herring gulls are often viewed as aggressive, and have been photographed snatching rabbits and even pet dogs.
But experiments by academics at the University of Exeter in the UK have found that the birds are surprisingly easy to intimidate, and will back off from a meal if they think someone is watching.
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Researchers put a bag of chips on the ground in Cornish seaside resorts and tested how long it took herring gulls to approach when a human was watching them, compared to when the human looked away.