The executive chef of dine by Peter Gordon at SkyCity answers your cuisine questions.
I work for a pizza takeaway place. The other day after making the pizza dough (we make it in a dough mixer), my manager realised he had forgotten to add oil to the flour so discarded the prepared dough and made a new batch. I would like to know how important the oil is in pizza dough. Exactly what role does the oil play?
Thanks, SamFirstly, I have to say I'm a little disappointed that the whole batch of dough was thrown away - instead you could simply have put the dough, at room temperature, back into the mixer with some oil and mixed it in, thereby saving it. Unless you're using a pre-made mix that doesn't allow that to happen. Some people don't add oil to their dough anyway, so it's a matter of preference, but I, like your boss, always add it. I've made bread in the past that I've forgotten to add fat to (oil, butter and occasionally duck fat) and have been able to add it later with no problems. Brioche in fact, one of the most famous "fancy bread" doughs is produced from a solid lump of dough that butter and egg yolks are added to, and they are happily absorbed into the dough.
Oil is added to pizza dough to make it pliable and easily stretched. Oil also allows it to be rolled or pulled thin, stops the base from tearing easily, and makes the "chew" factor quite pleasant. It also prevents a feeling of dryness in the pizza base, in the same way that butter in biscuits adds richness. However, the ratio of butter to flour in biscuit and cake baking is quite high (in puff pastry it is equal quantities of flour to butter, by weight). In pizza dough it is much less and should be around 2-4 tablespoons of oil to 1kg of flour - just enough to give added benefits without making the dough appear like oily focaccia.
When it comes to oil, you have many choices. In more commercial kitchens it's likely to be canola or sunflower oil, but for me, extra virgin olive oil is the only thing to use. It adds richness and flavour and helps the base colour nicely. I also like to add a teaspoon of sugar per kg of flour (always use strong bread flour, or a mixture of 80 per cent strong flour to 20 per cent semolina). The sugar caramelises in the oven and gives the base a lovely golden hue, as well as the added bonus of a tiny bit of sweetness.
