About 1.1 billion young people are listening to music at volumes that endanger their hearing and can have other negative effects, the World Health Organisation warns.
Nearly half of teenagers and young adults are exposed to unsafe sound levels on headphones, while about 40 per cent put their hearing at risk at clubs, bars and sports events where "recreational noise" is excessive, WHO said.
The UN health agency called on youths to listen to loud music on their headphones for less than one hour a day.
Nightclubs typically play music at 100 decibels, which is the equivalent of hearing a jackhammer at short distance and is safe for only 15 minutes.
Entertainment venues should limit sound levels and offer protective earplugs and quiet zones to their customers, WHO recommended.