The findings were independent of other factors including age, sex, smoking, weight, and diabetes.
The authors from the West Virginia University School of Public Health said the results contributed to the data emerging on the health effects of perfluoroalkyl chemicals.
But the study could not conclude that the chemicals actually caused heart problems, the authors said.
Chair of Water Quality Research Australia Professor Michael Moore said ubiquitous exposure to PFOA, although at low levels, in non-stick cookware, could cause considerable anxiety.
He said the chemical was also found in coatings on clothing and carpets and in plumbing tape.
Moore said although the authors had tried to remove other lifestyle factors from the equation, there was still a possibility the PFOA levels were caused by other exposures.
"The key point is that there are numerous established contenders for cardiovascular disease risk factors - smoking, lifestyle, exercise, diet - all of which may contribute more to cardiovascular disease than PFOA exposure," Moore said.
Monash University Professor Brian Priestly said the results of other studies investigating the link between PFOA and heart disease had been inconsistent.
University of Adelaide pharmacology lecturer Dr Ian Musgrave said single blood measurements were taken in a short period of time and the long-term exposure to PFOA may be different from the results taken from one measurement.
"We know, for example, that blood levels for PFOA are falling over time due to regulation of this chemical," he said.
In the same edition of the journal, Debabrata Mukherjee of Texas Tech University Health Sciences said given the concerns raised by the study, clinicians needed to act now.
"It would make sense to limit or to eliminate the use of PFOA and its congeners in industry through legislation and regulation while improving water purification and treatment techniques to try and remove this potentially toxic chemical from our water supply," Mukherjee said.
- AAP
