Freshwater Iwi Leaders Group co-chair Gerrard Albert, who is also chair of Ngā Tāngata Tiaki o Whanganui, the Te Awa Tupua (Whanganui River) post-settlement governance entity, says the draft includes Te Oranga o te Taiao, a concept intended to express the intergenerational importance to Māori of environmental wellbeing.
"Te Oranga o te Taiao, which is something the ILG Freshwater has promoted, centralises a relationship around decision-making over natural resources with hapū and iwi.
"If it gets through the legislation process, it's a reasonable way to view natural resources - to have us (meaning tiaki whenua, mana whenua, tangata whenua, iwi, hapū) intimately involved - and that's what Te Awa Tupua does: it establishes that actually you can't move without the hapū and iwi, the mana at place, having a say."
The draft legislation states the purpose of the new Act as being to enable Te Oranga o te Taiao to be upheld by protecting and enhancing the natural environment, and to enable people to use the environment in a way that supports the wellbeing of present generations without compromising the wellbeing of future generations.
Te Oranga o te Taiao incorporates the health of the natural environment, the intrinsic relationship between iwi and hapū and te taiao, the interconnectedness of all parts of the natural environment, and the essential relationship between the health of the natural environment and its capacity to sustain all life.
Albert says the new Act and two further pieces of legislation to come won't themselves create the change needed.
"We've still got to change the values set of the community. You have to do two to three generations' worth of work on the power structures that exist by having a values set that belongs to the tiaki whenua, the hapū, the iwi, and having that as the sacrosanct and central kawa through which everything is seen.
"It's causing a whole lot of ripples, some rather large waves actually, as people fight against this, but that's the work ahead of us. We continue to work on that basis because people have just got to change their view."
Albert points to the Te Pūwaha Whanganui port revitalisation project as an example of a development initiative anchored by relationships and a values set agreed with tiaki whenua. The $50m project is a partnership between Whanganui iwi, Whanganui District Council, Horizons Regional Council, Q-West Boat Builders, District Employment Training Trust and central government.
"The port project has iwi and community at the centre, driving it, practising better governance and therefore better democracy, with people at place to ensure that we're hearing our community and it's not a competition driven by a resource consents-led process based on some planning principles," Albert said.
"Relationship is critical. You have to get people to go out there and talk to people. That's what democracy is – it's moving with the people rather than moving instead of them."
Minister Parker said the NBA is one of a set of three new laws the Government intends to enact to ensure the resource management system is fit for the future. The consultation draft outlines how more than 100 existing plans and policy statements will be consolidated into around 14 plans across the country.
"The RMA takes too long, costs too much and hasn't protected the environment," Parker said.
"We have moved away from just managing the effects of activities because the existing RMA has allowed cumulative adverse effects including degraded water, increasing climate emissions and soil loss.
"The proposed NBA sets out how we can better protect and enhance our natural and built environments, ensuring that the way people and communities use the environment supports the wellbeing of current and future generations."
Parker said a new national planning framework will include mandatory environmental limits to avoid irreversible harm to the environment, including limits relating to freshwater, coastal waters, estuaries, soil and biodiversity.
"For the built environment, outcomes include well-functioning urban areas, more housing supply and enabling infrastructure."
The first draft of the proposed law has been released for stakeholder and public feedback before the Bill goes into the formal Parliamentary process early next year.
