The graphic novel followed the adventures of cosmic 'guardians' on a mission to save the universe from destruction.
The protagonists had abilities and personalities derived from real planets' attributes.
"What's the personality of this planet?' is not a question we had ever asked ourselves before," Dr Rattenbury said.
"It's been a great opportunity as an educator to work in a fictional context but with characters that can convey real astrophysical concepts."
Dr Eldridge said: "I may not live on a starship but my work as an astrophysicist is as close to my ideal career as it's possible to get, so the opportunity to be involved in this project was irresistible."
Animator Myles Lawford illustrated the book.
Gareth Jensen, a 3D animation specialist whose credits included King Kong and The Chronicles of Narnia, also worked on the book.
Astarons was expected to be launched next Thursday and go on sale on Monday, September 21.