Earlier, Mr Sheikh had taken to Twitter from his hospital bed.
"For those watching Q&A sorry I couldn't stay - I'm in hospital, thanks for all your support," he wrote.
He had been attempting to drink a glass of water just before collapsing, with speculation he may have suffered a seizure.
"I'm not quite sure what Simon's doing there, is he okay? ... He's not okay," Climate Change Minister Greg Combet said as Mr Sheikh slumped over.
Mr Combet and members of the show's crew rushed to his aid.
He regained a degree of consciousness and muttered a few words before staggering to his feet.
"I'm sorry, I passed out," a groggy looking Mr Sheikh said before being helped backstage.
Q&A host Tony Jones said a few minutes later that Mr Sheikh had suffered a seizure and had been taken for a checkup.
Mr Sheikh's wife was at the show and went with him to the hospital.
Twitter users had suggested that Mr Sheikh struggled with a couple of his answers earlier in the program.
Twitter users also criticised opposition MP Sophie Mirabella for her apparent failure to react to Mr Sheikh's collapse.
On its website, GetUp! says it is an "independent, grass-roots community advocacy organisation which aims to build a more progressive Australia by giving everyday Australians the opportunity to get involved and hold politicians accountable on important issues".
- AAP