Photos and video of his performance posted on Twitter and Instagram suggest a listless crowd at the luxury Grand Tulip Hotel, more concerned with posing for photographs rather than enjoying the rap megastar flown in for the event.
West's fee was reportedly paid by a Kazakh billionaire and co-owner of one of the country's largest banks.
Human Rights Watch has singled out Kazakhstan for its "serious and deteriorating human rights situation" which includes "credible allegations of torture, the imprisonment of government critics, tight controls over the media and freedom of expression and association, limits in religious freedom, and continuing violation of workers' rights".
In 2011, Sting pulled out of an arranged concert for the president over claims of human rights violations against oil workers in the Central Asian country.
At the time, Sting said: "The Kazakh gas and oil workers and their families need our support and the spotlight of the international media on their situation in the hope of bringing about positive change."
The West payment was criticised by Kazakh web users.
"Really stupid, we, the Kazakhs, for the money could have provided so many villagers with water, gas and etc, and taken care of children in orphanages," wrote Anomin.
"It would be better if they have repaired a highway for the money," said Renat Bennet.
"Someone takes 3m dollars out of the country for his failed songs, and here I am shaking for 20,000 tenge (Kazakhstan currency) of unpaid taxes," wrote another.
West is the latest star name to attract controversy for performing in Central Asian countries.
In July, human rights activists criticised Jennifer Lopez for singing at a birthday concert for the president of Turkmenistan - a man accused of committing widespread human rights abuses.
Lopez's publicist said she would not have performed had she known there were human rights issues in the country.
In 2011, the Oscar-winning actress Hilary Swank apologised and sacked her manager after appearing at a birthday event for Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov, who had been accused of torture and killings.
- The Independent