Topp said it appeared the IRD may have automatically refunded people with credit balances while updating their system.
He believed it was linked to those who had paid provisional tax to the IRD.
Provisional tax is a way of pre-paying a final year tax bill and is used by businesses to help smooth their tax costs.
"My assumption is as people have paid provisional tax in throughout the year, it has been seen as a credit balance and therefore refunded."
A spokesman for the Inland Revenue said it was aware of the issue but it was not a problem with the system.
"It is a matter of how a few people have used the new system rather than a problem with the system itself.
"The best thing people can do if they are unsure is contact their accountant or bookkeeper who can deal directly with Inland Revenue."
Topp urged people to be careful with the money which would likely need to be paid back.
"If this happens to you it's probably best NOT to go wild and spend it - because it's 99.9 per cent likely you'll have to pay it back."
He urged people to get in touch with their accountant.
The tax system overhaul will mean tax refunds are automated this year for salary and wage earners.
From mid to late May all salary and wage earners will hear from the tax department with around 1.6 million people expected to be due a tax refund of which around 440,000 people will be getting a refund for the first time.
The refunds will come direct into people's bank accounts and people are being urged to check their account details are correct in their myIR account before the end of May.
On the flip side 240,000 will be told they have tax to pay (unless it's under $50) - of those, about 86,000 also will have had no recent contact with Inland Revenue over their tax.
Those with a tax bill will have until February 7, 2020 to pay it.