Mr Obama repeated the United States' concern about Russia's annexation of Crimea and "aggression" in Ukraine as well as its military support for the Assad regime in Syria. He described Assad as a "tyrant" but reinforced the United States' new position of allowing Assad to remain during any transition of power.
In return Mr Obama was given a dose of sarcasm from Mr Putin, who pointed out while the US had accused Russia of acting for its own ambitions in Ukraine and Syria, it was hardly free of ambitions itself.
Mr Putin said Russia's stance was not one of ambition but a recognition of the need to drive Islamic State out. He said it was a serious mistake to refuse to cooperate with Syria and the Assad regime on that, given it was Assad's forces and the Kurdish militia who were battling Islamic State.
Mr Putin also pointed to foreign interference in countries in the Middle East before saying it had resulted in the destruction of democracy. "I can not help asking those who caused this situation, 'do you know now what you've done?"'
Mr Key said he had also outlined New Zealand's new announcement for a massive marine sanctuary around the Kermadecs - something the US State Department had pushed for.