Shanghai business district. Analysts covering the 50 largest companies said equities were set to rally 28 per cent. They weren't anywhere near optimistic enough as shares surged 111 per cent through last week. Photo / Duncan Brown
Shanghai business district. Analysts covering the 50 largest companies said equities were set to rally 28 per cent. They weren't anywhere near optimistic enough as shares surged 111 per cent through last week. Photo / Duncan Brown
Only in China can you predict the world's biggest stock-market rally and still come out looking like a pessimist.
A year ago, analysts who cover the 50 largest companies trading in Shanghai and Shenzhen said equities were set to rally 28 per cent. Turns out they weren't anywhere near optimistic enough, as monetary easing and a buying frenzy among Chinese retail investors sent shares surging 111 per cent through last week.
Analysts have been scrambling ever since, updating predictions, then re-updating them and re-re-updating them as stocks blew by their target prices. The rally that outran their forecasts is now making their jobs even more difficult as they try to assess the prospects of companies trading at multi-year highs with the possibility of further government stimulus.
"This market has been driven up by capital that's flooded in, while you need to touch upon company fundamentals in your research notes," Li Xiaolu, a Shanghai-based equity analyst at Capital Securities, said by phone on May 13. "We can't write baseless reports, so the current market makes it more difficult for us, and makes me hesitate. If a stock's gain is beyond reasonable, it may continue to climb even if I cut its rating."
Li is among the best performing analysts on at least 10 companies over the past year, including locomotive manufacturer CSR, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
With the Beijing-based company trading at 5.13 yuan, or 83 cents, in August, she called for a 21 per cent gain, to 6.20 yuan, over the next year. She raised her projection to 7 yuan in October, and then 11 yuan in December and 18 yuan in March. The stock reached a record 35.88 yuan last month before ceasing trading as the company completes a merger with Beijing-based China CNR.
There's so much money in the market...It's a bit embarrassing to re-rate companies at this point.
Surging participation among individual Chinese investors is helping fuel the market's breakneck climb. Individuals comprise about 80 per cent of equity trading and stock accounts with non-zero balances are rising at the fastest pace since at least 2008, according to data from the China Securities Depository and Clearing.
"There's so much money in the market," Li said. "It's a bit embarrassing to re-rate companies at this point."
No major company highlights the difficulties of forecasting in the current market more than China Railway Group. A year ago analysts expected a 12-month gain of 19 per cent. The stock has surged 707 per cent, boosting its market capitalisation to 377 billion yuan ($61 billion), in line with some of the biggest US companies such as Hewlett-Packard and MetLife.
Collectively, analysts were forecasting gains of 28 per cent for the FTSE China A50 Index in the span, the biggest expected return among 45 of the world's major benchmark indexes.
While regulators have taken steps to weed out speculators, they've also sought to expand the role of equity markets in helping companies raise funds as the government reins in credit expansion. Beijing has accelerated reviewing companies' applications for initial public offerings since April. More than 120 newly listed companies have started trading so far this year, almost matching the total for all of 2014.
Chinese authorities also began an exchange link between the Shanghai and Hong Kong bourses in November that has allowed international investors greater access to its domestic equity market.
"The presence of a much larger pool of capital, domestic Chinese institutions as well as foreign institutions now that are willing and able to invest creates demand for those securities that wasn't there before," David Riedel, president of New York-based Riedel Research Group, said by phone May 13.
The People's Bank of China cut benchmark interest rates for the third time in six months on May 11, and has lowered lenders' reserve ratios twice this year to revive growth in the world's second-largest economy. Prospects for further government stimulus continue to draw buyers, sending the Shanghai Composite Index up 8.1 per cent last week.
Even so, analysts are beginning to temper expectations for further gains. China's 50 biggest companies will rise just 2.7 per cent over the next 12 months from their close on May 22, according to forecasts compiled by Bloomberg.
While analyst recommendations should be primarily based on elements such as earnings potential and management competency, they should also factor in external market conditions, according to Riedel, who employs four analysts in China to cover the domestic equity market.
"Any analysis should be based on the fundamentals, but analysts have to take into consideration the valuation of similar companies as well as the willingness for investors to pay for a certain type of company," he said.
