"The claims numbers are clearly a big surprise and were very good numbers - they imply we may have a good employment number for the month of January," Hugh Johnson, chief investment officer of Hugh Johnson Advisors in Albany, New York, told Reuters.
Separately, Markit's preliminary Purchasing Managers Index for US manufacturing rose to 56.1 in January, the highest level since March 2011, while the Conference Board's Leading Economic Index climbed 0.5 per cent to 93.9 in December.
In afternoon trading in New York, the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 0.42 per cent, while the Standard & Poor's 500 Index gained 0.20 per cent. The Nasdaq Composite Index fell 0.47 per cent, dragged lower by Apple. Shares in the iPhone maker were last down 10.7 per cent to US$459.24, that compares with a record US$705.07 reached in September 2012.
Apple earnings, released after the market close yesterday, proved a huge disappointment.
At least 14 brokerages, including Barclays Capital, Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank, cut their price target on the stock by US$142 on average, while Morgan Stanley removed the stock from its "best ideas"-list, according to Reuters.
In Europe, the Stoxx 600 Index finished the day with a 0.2 per cent increase from the previous close. National benchmark stock indexes in London, Paris and Frankfurt also advanced, climbing 1.1 per cent, 0.7 per cent and 0.5 per cent respectively.
Here, too, economic data surpassed expectations. A composite index based on a survey of purchasing managers in euro-zone services and manufacturing industries rose to 48.2 in January from 47.2 in December, according to Markit. That's the highest level in 10 months, and the third straight increase.
"The January flash PMI data suggest that the euro-zone economic downturn has eased at the start of 2013," Chris Williamson, chief economist at Markit, said in a statement.
"Worrying signs of weakness persist, however, with companies cutting staff at a faster rate, reflecting the need to keep costs as low as possible in the face of ongoing uncertainty about the economic outlook," according to Williamson.
"Trends also remained worryingly divergent within the single currency area, creating tensions for policy makers. While Germany is reporting a strengthening upturn, France is seeing the steepest downturn since early-2009."