The US company's New Zealand exploration programme has been controversial, with environmental groups questioning the safety of deep sea drilling in the wake of BP's Deep Sea Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.
Questions have also been raised over this country's ability to respond to a similar disaster.
A flotilla of protest boats has shadowed the Noble Bob Douglas during its time off the North Island's West Coast.
Anadarko had a 25 per cent interest in the Gulf of Mexico oil prospect in which the Deep Sea Horizon was drilling.
Greenpeace energy campaigner Steve Abel said the announcement was "a real bad day for John Key's government and for Anadarko".
"The Texan oil giant has not only announced that their New Zealand drilling has failed, they've also announced a loss of over NZ$950 million dollars in the last quarter," Abel said.
He said the Government had wasted a lot of political capital over the drilling programme.
"Instead, they should be backing our own cutting-edge clean energy industry, which will bring thousands of jobs and a multi-billion dollar economic boost. That's what smart politicians would be doing."